Hocąk Text — The Victory Dance

narrated by a member of the Thunderbird Clan

English Translation

Original Text — | 1 | 2a | 2b | 3 | 3v | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 7v | 8 | 9 | 10 |

Stylistic Features

  hapaxlegomena: cēgērḗšgē, "in the beginning"; corá, "to lead"; haganyahí (< waganyahire), "to bring something for someone"; hajonehi (> wajonehíregi), "to see something at a distance"; hakit’ǭp, "to place or situate something"; hanicap (< hanicábirekjē), "to get a hold of"; hārogḗja, "in the midst"; hirohíra for hihohíra, "to ask someone"; hogiwáxuge (< hogiwáxugērežé), "to put something (clothing) on for someone"; jagúšanąnįk, "whatever"; kāraho, "to be about to (do something)" (< kārahoírēgi); kironṓk, "to follow after someone" (< kironṓgireže); nąwirókaraíšga, "to be tied to a stick"; rašjǭ (< rašjǭgi), "to have finished"; rukáp, "to be directed to something"; rušṓ, "to receive"; sarinį̄́k, "war honor"; taxó for taxú, "to burn up"; tocų̄́, "warrior"; wakšī́gᵉracēk (< wakšī́gᵉracēgᵉrá), "the young men" (cf. Dorsey's racék, "to speak of as new"); wagíšōnō, "attendant" (noun); wik’o, "to use"; woinąǧį̄, "source of help or strength"; worṓk, "to tell" for wórak.
  rare words: he’ų, "a messenger who announces a death" (found only in Marino); hiak’ų́na, "I would use it," is probably the same as White Eagle's hak’ų́, "I do for myself, I do for self fulfillment"; hanicáp, "to get hold of"; hináhi (< wináhi) "to get" (occurs once elsewhere meaning "to find"); himąšją kinąk, "to be encouraged by" (found only in Marino); hinahi, "to get something" (found once in the sense of "to find something"); hirowáǧįc, "to hunt up" (found only in Marino where it means, "to burn up everything"); hiwák’ókirinōnōk, "to jump from side to side" (found only in Marino); ho-ašgénįgēja, "nearly"; hirowáǧįc, "to burn up (everything)" (found only in Marino); nącį, "all" (here in the unattested form nącįxjį); ponų, "to remember" (found only in Marino); ’ųanacgi, "the appointees" (found in Marino only as ųanac, "to appoint"); waną’į́-rusgic, "heart-binding" (found only in Marino); žigiotá, "and some" (occurs once in syllabic script).  
  fond of using giži as a sentence terminator.
  uses the unusual expression janūgáka, "as many as there were."
  frequent use of žesge in the sense of "that kind".
  a fondness for the uncommon word žejǭ́ną, "now".
  frequent use of hotá, "some".

The following are Greek letters and other symbols used as morpheme abbreviations in Radin's text. Their values mostly correspond to those given in Radin's notebook Winnebago II, #6, on the interstitial page between 107/108:

α β γ ε ɜ λ ρ ψ
égi éja -giži ésge -šaną žesge anąga hąké

ω ·נ X २ 6 ƪ -
žigé nųnįge wąkšig -že, -še -xjį -ižą -ra

/ ᴗ ꜏ ·/ ·/, / ⨪ ᴖ̣ >
-ną -regi here -kjé -kjanèną -nąk -nįk -gają

 

Translations in italics are derived from Paul Radin, The Winnebago Tribe (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990 [1923]) 110-112 (1990) = 158 - 160 (1923, Archive) = 158 - 160 (1923, Hathi).

wakdjê´ waci (Victory dance & preliminary.)

Notebook 74.1:1*          
wañ´giaⁿ´ dotcaⁿ´ṇekurubâ´nañki dj[ρ] kiju rékdjêra hokaránîⁿgi wagígâⁿ[ρ´] [α] hadjâ´rêgi
Wą́gią́ tocą́rekurubā́nąki janąga kižu rékjēra hokaránį̄gi, wagígoánąga égi hajā́rēgi,
A man that he was about to go on the warpath as many as he would take he looked for, a feast, and then when they came,

* the page number as ① is entered at the top left of the page. In the center top is written 74 , the Notebook number. Below these entries is written:

    wakdjê´ waci
woruγáp waci
wanaγí waci		 =
=
=		 victory
scalp
ghost		 }
 dance (wakan´dja waci)

Below this is written:

    so is djopi´wi almost
hidjána = to sleepover |to camp|   another e.g. djopi´í

Beneath this is written a very large numeral 9.

 

wagigó[⨪]a dotcaⁿ maⁿṇátc wa’ú[⨪]kiji kigâ´ra hanaⁿ´tc hadjírêgi [β] karaⁿkcê´
wagigónąka tocą mąnác wa’únąkiži, kigā́ra haną́c hajírēgi, éja karąkšḗ
the feast givers war he made a date he was doing it for the feasters [all of them] [when they came,] [there] he told it.

 

 

wê[२´] hidjána ṇékdjanégê` hokárak wa’ú[⨪][२] é[२] pejiónaⁿtcê´gi rekdjêgi ’ûñkdjê´gi
Wežé, hijána rékjanēgè† hokárak wa’únąkše, éže. Pežiónącḗgi, rekjēgi ’ų̄kjḗgi,
[He said,] on a hunt* that he would go, to tell it is why he is doing it, he said. Whoever desires he may come he can do so, that is why

* "war path)" is written above this word.
† the text has hijána|ṇékjanēgè .

 

e wogirak[२] [γ] rohaⁿ´[6] rê´[२] honihê´xêdê´[6] tcorá[२] haraí[ᴗ] dotcoⁿ´ṇa tcekdjína higiγá[-]
e wogirakše, giži. Rohą́xjįrḗže. Honihḗxētḗxjį coráže. Haraíregi tocǫ́na cekjína higiǧára
he he told them [.] Very many went. A big crowd he led. On they went [the warpath] the first thing the stopping place

 

 

tcinôgipaídja hakit’ôⁿbirê´[२] [α] [β] [X][-´] djopíwi [X]cige[⨪]a warúdjirekdjegi hiroit’ûⁿ´
cinōgipaíja hakit’ǭbirḗže. Égi éja wągᵉrá jopíwi wakšigᵉnąka warújirekjegi, hiroit’ų̄́
suburbs of village they placed it. [And] there [the man] four these men that they may eat, material for fire

 

 

haguré warádjire[२] higiγá sániñgᴇ[ᴗ´] híjaⁿ harádjirejê jigê saniñgê´dja higiγá ske
haguré warájireže. Higiǧá sánįgᵉrégi hížą harájirežē. Žigē sanįgḗja higiǧá ske
to go after they named for them. A camp on each side one they named. Again on the other side a camp [also]*

* the translation has "on each side."

            Notebook 74.1:2a*
nûᵐpsa´naⁿ harádjire[२] hakiríre[२] [γ] tcóni warádjirêga hûⁿtc t’ehi hakirí[ᴗ] wagícônôná
nų̄psą́ną harájireže. Hakirireže, giži. Cóni warájirēga hų̄c t’ehi hakiríregi wagíšōnōná
two apiece they named. They came back [.] [New] they appointed bear to kill they came back the attendants

* at the top of the page is written, ꜏ = hire. Just below this is written, "petckere = those who have been in war but who have obtained no honors."

 

warúzire[२] [α] gigihag[β´] warádjirega hicgê [λ] [꜏][२] hûⁿ´dj[-] djô´p dotcaⁿ´gᴇ[⨪]á
warúzireže. Égi gigihagéja warájirega hišgē žesge hireže. Hų̄́jᵉra jǫ́p Tocą́gᵉnąká
they took them. [And] the late one they appointed also that they did. [Bears] [four] the Leader*

* "leader" is written over a lined out word.

 

hiró-it’ûⁿ karadági hoik’á-iⁿṇe[२] wonáγire-hirokô´nôṇa jejegûⁿ* [γ] hinûñg[-´] [X]
hiró-it’ų̄ karatági hoik’á-įreže, Wonáǧire-hirokṓnōna žežegų̄ giži. Hinų̄gᵉrá wąk
(to build fire for) food he asked for they gave to him, the War Spirit thus [.] The women's men

* just before this word, another word has been scribbled out.

 

wajaⁿ wahírera wagúdjê waganyahínaⁿjiⁿ´ṇe[२] [α] jigioda [X]rá pejê´ worô´k rogúnañkiji
wažą wahírera wagújē waganyahinąjį́reže. Égi žigiota wągᵉrá pežḗ worṓk rogúnąkiži,
[something] relative moccasins they began to bring for them. [And] some men who to tell if they wished to,*

* "wished to" is written above "had anything".

 

wagudjê´ waganyahíregi hodá wagíruzir[ρ´] jigîodá [ψ] wagiruziranijê´* [ρ] [α] hodá
wagujḗ waganyahíregi, hotá wagíruziránąga žigīotá hąké wagiruziranižḗ, anąga égi hotá
[moccasin] [when they brought,] some they took, and [some] [not] they did not take for the[m], [and] [then] some

* two words following this are lined out.

 

sákêrerá pê´tckérê wagigíre[२]† [ρ][α] wañgwácocé xêdê[-´] nûᵐpíwi higiγaírakára
sákērerá pḗckérē wagigíreže, ánąga égi wągwášošé xētērá nų̄píwi higiǧaírakára
warriors & keep fire* they made them, while warriors [big] two in charge of the camp

* followed by an illegible word. Warriors who had not won war honors were termed pḗckérē , as they were usually assigned the job of maintaining the fire.
† the original initial letters /ho/ were lined out and /wa/ written above them.

 

warádjire[२] e djanûñgáka ewawirukô´naiṇékdjonénaⁿ jegûⁿ hírêgi ’uañgûácocêra
warájireže. E janų̄gáka ewawirukṓnairékjonéną. Žegų̄ hírēgi ’uągūášošēra
they appointed them. So [the sum of them] then they would [put]* in charge of. Thus they did, and warriors

* the word occurring here is illegible.

 

hinĭñkê´hi hotcûñ´git’ê´ ’únaⁿjiⁿ´ṇe[२] [α] hainiṇêgí hodjikê´rera higiré[ᴗ]
hinį̄kḗhi hocų̄́́git’ḗ ’únąjį́neže. Égi hainirēgí, hojikḗrera higiréregi
one by one warriors who had not been asked
to join a particular warparty*		 they began to do. [And] in the morning, ready to go when they were,

* a line from this word connects to a note some of which is missing (off the left margin of the page): "refers to a warrior who was not invited in the

Notebook 74.1:2b

[...?...] ly but who nevertheless joins them. In doing so he sings & dancing and makes [the follow]ing remark [

djagú inanaⁿ´gi wiñgadjaⁿ´ hinat’uⁿcerê ranaⁿ-
Jagú hinaną́giwįgają́, hinat’ųšerē raną
What you depend upon, you left me behind. You [...]

(The rest is beyond the left margin.) ]. This is what is meant by hotcûñgit’e. Sometimes they would strip naked in singing. They were brave men and when they went to war they went with the intention of losing their lives anyway] —

[letters off the left margin]ṇe = throwing themselves away. Men who had been [...] one way and don't want to die among their own. So they [... de]ath.

Notebook 74.1:3*            
hinîñk‘ê´hi higiγá[-] hokâ´naⁿγiⁿṇe[२] dotcûⁿ´gᴇ[⨪]á tconí[6] higiγá[-] hokêhikdjané[२] wa’ûⁿ[२]
hinį̄kḗhi higiǧára hokā́nąǧįreže. Tocų̄́gᵉnąká conixjį higiǧára hokēhikjanéže, wa’ų̄že:
one by one the camp they began to go in.† War Leader first [the camp] when about to go in, he did thus:

* at the center top of the page is written "26."
† "go" is written above "come" (the latter not being lined out).

 

waruγáb[-] higiγá tcirob[β´] harutcê´ karat’ûⁿbanûñga nâⁿmaⁿ´nûñga racdjôñgí wagíxônôná
Waruǧábᵉra higiǧá cirobéja harucḗ karat’ūbanų̄ga ną̄mą́ną̄ga rašjǭgi, wagíxōnōná
the Warbundle [camp] at the door crosswise he placed it, he sang, and when he has finished, the attendants

 

 

akí djidjér[ρ´] s‘ârá hogiwáxugêre[२´] [α] higiγá[-] hokê´wegi djanûñgáka
akí jijéránąga S’ārá hogiwáxugērežé. Égi higiǧára hokḗwegi, janų̄gáka
on each side of him they stood, and Warbundle* they put it on for him. Then the camp he went in, [the sum of them]

* "reed mat" is lined out, and "warbundle" is written above it.

 

hanaⁿ´tcîⁿ[6] kironô´gire[२] higêγára hanâⁿ´tc hokawaíre[२] ép‘â djasgê hírega
haną́cį̄xjį kironṓgireže. Higēǧára haną̄́c hokawaíreže. Ép’ā jasgē hírega,
[every one of them] they followed him. [The camp] [all of them] they went in. From that time just as as they did,

 

 

djánahaⁿṇaínega hoicî´p [λ]* [꜏][२] [α] hatcîⁿ´dja wakigá-ire[·|´]gi [β] wináhi kârahoírêgi
jánahąnaínega, hoišī́p žesge hireže. Égi hacį̄ja wakigáirekjégi, éja wináhi kārahoírēgi,
every time they camped, always that way they did. [And] where they were to fight, [there] to get them when they were about to,

* what appears to be a vertically lined out character appears just before this word.

 

nûᵐpíwi [X] xêdênísgera waicdjá warádjire[२] [γ] haraí[ᴗ] [β] hatciⁿ´dja wakizaírekdjô´neginañ´ki
nų̄píwi wąk xētēnigᵉra waišjá warájireže, giži. Haraíregi éja hacį́ja wakizaírekjṓneginą́ki,
two [men] kind of great* to spy† they appointed them [.] When they went there [where] they were to fight them,

* the WT translation has, "distinguished".
† the WT translation has, "reconnoiter".

 

wadjaírêgi [β] hakaraíre[२] dotcûⁿ´ wakijúrera wadjonehí[ᴗ] ép‘â hiwák’ókirinônôk*
wajaírēgi, éja hakaraíreže. Tocų̄́ wakžúrera wajonehíregi, ép’ā hiwák’ókirinōnōk
when they saw them, then they went back. Warriors they were with they saw them at a distance, from that time jumping side to side

* a /w/ is written in above the line.

    Notebook 74.1:4*        
hakaraíre[२] hârogê´dja hagí[ᴗ] wagíxônanôñ´ka dotcûⁿwâñgᴇ[⨪]á danihoíjaⁿ hodjá hojú
hakaraíreže. Hārogḗja hagíregi, wagíxōnanǭ́ka Tocų̄wą̄gᵉnąká tanihoížą hojá hožú
they went. In the midst when they got (back), the attendant the Warleader a pipe that he had he filled

* the numeral 27 is written at the top center of the page.

 

kêrenañ´ki agi-anínaⁿjiⁿṇ[ρ´]* waicdjá[⨪]a hagíregi hí’uañgígiñ[ρ´] gidánihi rucdjaiⁿ´ṇêgi
kēreną́ki hagi-hanínąžįránąga waišjánąka hagíregi hi’uągígįánąga gitánihi† rušjaį́rēgi,
[he placed it] they held it ready, and the spies when they returned they let them use, and smoking when they got through,

* the initial /h/ was lost to external sandhi.
† < gi-tánihi, from gi-, a prefix meaning "for the benefit of someone"; and tánihi, "to smoke."

 

dotcûⁿ´wâñg[-´] waragíc’ûⁿráwañgra hikirê´cgunîxdji[⨪´][ɜ] hanaⁿ´tc wa-íṇabire[२]
Tocų̄́wą̄gᵉrá waragíš’ųráwągᵉra hikirḗšgunīxjiną́kšaną. Haną́c wa’ínabireže.
"Warleader the ones you're after they are not paying any attention to themselves." [Everyone] they thanked them.

 

 

[α] hadjiakaraíre[२] hatcîⁿ´dja[6] hêrêgi [β´][6] ho-acgénîñgêdja hahí waruγáp rokikêwêr[ρ´]
Égi hajiakaraíreže. Hacį̄jaxjį hērēgi, ḗjaxjį ho-ašgénįgēja, hahi Waruǧáp rokikēwēránąga
[Then] they started. Where it was, there nearly, there at Warbundle* they painted themselves with, and

* the translation appears to read, "their paint".

 

waruγáp nañkgigire[२]* pejêgêrira naⁿtci[6] djagú[ɜ´]nîñk woínaⁿγîⁿ haninañkiji [β] hanaⁿ´tc
Waruǧáp Nągigireže, pežēgērira nącixjį jagúšanąnįk woínąǧį̄ haninąkiži, éja haną́c
they did the Warbundle Race,† anybody [all] whatever strength from they had, [there] [all]

* the text has, nañk|gigire[२] . In addition, the verso side of the page (Notebook 74.1:3v) has the following comment:

"nañkgigirejê = when a war party has located the
enemy, they prepare & run about, trying
themselves & their powers. What is
referred to here is the running which
they make so that [lined out word] attacking
their enemy they would not get tired out."

† the translation has, "war club race".

 

wawik’oire[2] hodá wonaγir[β´] wonaγirerukô´nana wonaγirê´ naⁿtcwirodjaiⁿ´rêgi dâní wogiju-ir[ρ´]
wawik’oireže. Hotá wonaǧiréja Wonaǧirerukṓnana wonaǧirḗ nącwirojaį́rēgi, tāni wogižu’iránąga
they used them. Some in war the Chief of Wars wars that blessed one with, tobacco they offered to, and

 

 

[ψ] [β´] t’airaníkdjê woirukípina hijaⁿ´ hanitcábirekdjê [λ]
hąké éja t’airaníkjē, woirukípina hižą́ hanicábirekjē, [žesge]
[not] [there] that they may not die, the war honors [one] that they might get a hold of, [this kind]

 

          Notebook 74.1:5*      
daíre[२] [α] hodá waíre[२] [ψ] waxop‘íni warádjire nâⁿtcwodjaiṇánêgi jê´[λ] waírejê
taíreže. Égi hotá waíreže, hąké Waxopíni warájire ną̄cwojairánēgi, žḗžesge waírežē.
they asked for. [Then] some they said, [not] [Spirits] [the various] not blessed by, [in that way] they said.

* at the top center of the page is written "28".

 

woroγí p‘îⁿ hiadjírêgi jê[ λ ] dâniwogíjŭ´r[ρ´] karádjire[२] hópîowaínekdjé
Woroǧí pį̄ hiajirēgi žēžesge tāniwogížŭ́ránąga karájireže. Hopīowaínekjé
Doctrine, belief well they did [in that way] they offered tobacco to asked it for them. They may be fortunate

* < hopī-howaínekjé, the /h/ having been dropped from internal sandhi.

 

karadaíre[२] [ψ] [β] t’aírenîkdjê woírokipiⁿna hijaⁿ´ rukábirekdjê´ [λ] daíre[२]
karataíreže. Hąké éja t’aírenīkjē, woírokipįna hižą́ rukábirekjḗ, [žesge] taíreže.
they asked for. [Not] [there] they may not die, war honors one they might be directed to, [this kind] they asked for.

 

 

[α] jigê´ hodá waírejê mañkaⁿ´ wonañ´γire ’uⁿwaídja hirakírak wawipérêziregí [λ]
Égi žigḗ hotá waírežē, mąką́ woną́ǧire ’ųwaíja hirakírak wawipérēziregí [žesge]
[And] [again] some they said, medicine in war did that is good for that they knew of [this kind]

 

 

akâraní* wa’û´nañtcê mañk‘aⁿ´p‘îⁿ jêê dâni wawoikáragiju-ir[ρ´] wonañ´γirê ’uⁿ-iⁿkârohoínûñka† [β]
hakāraní wa’ū́nącē mąką́pį̄ žēē tāni wawoikáragiražuiránąga woną́ǧirē ’ų-įkārohoinų̄ka éja
they had with them they were good medicine that tobacco they offered to them, and war they were about to do [there]

* an initial /h/ has been lost due to external sandhi.
† just before this word, ’uiⁿ is lined out.

 

hirohí[-] pônúiⁿṇe[γ] mañk‘ánûñka niⁿdákatc gigirá p‘îⁿhigê hopiówekdjê [λ] karadáji
hirohíra pōnúįnegiži, mąkáną̄ka nįtákac gigirá. Pį̄higē, hopiówekjē žesge karatáži;
they asked* to be remembered, and [the medicine] hot water they did. If he did well, he might be fortunate [this kind] they asked for;

* "might" is lined out and "asked to" is written above it.

 

daniógijura p‘îⁿhigê [X]rijaⁿ* t’ehikdjê´ [λ] dáji woirakípinaⁿ hijaⁿ rutcábik’djê
taniógižura pį̄higē wąkrižą* t’ehikjḗ žesge táži; woirakípiną hižą rucábikjē
tobacco offering if he did well they w...?...* he might kill [that kind] he asked for [in any case]; war honor a he might get hold of

* uncertain reading. However, the form and context suggest wągᵉrížą, "a man".

    Notebook 74.1:6*            
[λ] kidá[γ] [α] jigiodá waruγáp hokirátc djagú[ɜ] haní[⨪]kíji [λ] daniókaragijú-iⁿṇe[γ]
žesge kitágiži. Égi žigiotá Waruǧáp hokirác jagúšaną hanínąkiži, žesge taniókaragižúįnegiži,
[that kind] he asked for. [And] [some] Warbundle different whatever they had, [that] they offered tobacco to,

* the top center of the page reads, "29.".

 

waruγápdjega maⁿcdjañ´kdjê [λ] dâní waruγápdjega waxop‘íni warádjirê hokirádjêra wanaⁿ-îⁿ rusgítc
Waruǧápjega

 mąšją́kjē žesge tāní Waruǧápjega. Waxopíni warájirē hokirájēra waną’į́-rusgíc
that Warbundle that it might be mighty [that] tobacco [that Warbundle]. [Spirits] [the various] different heart-binding*

* the translation has "heart thought".

 

wa’ûⁿ´djegê woínajiⁿ xêdê[6] hêre[२´] hikararánañkê daniokaragíju[ρ´] wénaⁿ [X]eríjaⁿ
wa’ų̄́jegē, woínažį xētēxjį hērežé. Hikararánąkē taniokaragížuánąga wéną, wągerížą
because it is, (your) faith much it carried with it. They think they offered tobacco to it, and he said, a man

 

 

t’ehékdjê â´nañga [α] jigê sariniñgwahíkdjê [λ] gidánaⁿ waruγápdjega [α]
t’ehékjē ā́nąga égi žigē sarinįgwahíkjē, žesge gitáną, Waruǧápjega. Égi
he might kill [he said and]* [then] [again] that he might [win first war honors], [that kind] he asked of it, Warbundle. And

* a translation is given, but it is illegible.

 

[ψ] ’oîreníkdjê [ψ] t’ehiranî´kdjê hakdjá hohúra [β´] gikdjê´ je[λ] gidánaⁿ
hąké ’oīreníkjē, hąké t’ehiranī́kjē, hakjá hohúra éja gikjḗ, žežesge gitáną.
[not] [not] to [be] hit (shot) from, [not] not to be killed, back from where he came [there] he might get, [that] he asked of it.

 

              Notebook 74.1:7*
hodá [ψ] wajaⁿ´ je[λ] woínaⁿγîⁿ tcûⁿnanîgi nañγirair[ρ´] djasgê´xdjanihékdjegi jegûñkira hiraírejê  
Hotá hąké wažą́ žežesge woínąǧį̄ cų̄nanīgi, nąǧirairánąga "Jasgḗxjanihékjegi?" žegų̄kira hiraírežē,  
Some [not] anything [that] source of help that he had not, they get scared, and "How will I be?" that's all they thought,  

* at the top of the page is written " 30 ." Below this is "(...?... meditation of one who hasn't any blessings)."

 

[ρ] [α] tcêgêrê´cgê haⁿdagínadjadjécgê* hiraíre[२] tcâgêrê´cgê wagigâ´ra ha’ûñkdjîⁿcûnôs’uaⁿ´djê
anąga égi, "Cēgērḗšgē hątagínajajéšgē," hiraíreže. "Cēgērḗšgē wagigā́ra ha’ų̄kjį̄šūnōs’uą́jē,"
and [then,] "In the beginning I should have fasted," they thought. ["In the beginning] feast I should have given,"

* just after haⁿdagí, nadadjê is lined out.

 

hiraíre[२] tcêgêrê´cgê wajaⁿ´ wagit’ûⁿdánôga mank‘aⁿ´p‘iⁿna hijaⁿ´ yapérêz naⁿ’iaⁿ´djê hijaⁿ´
hiraíreže. "Cēgērḗšgē wažą́ wagit’ų̄tánōga, mąką́pįna hižą́ yapérēz ną’ią́jē, hižą́
[they thought.] ["In the beginning] thing* I should have offered, good medicine one I would know I should have tried, one

* "something" is lined out and "thing" is written above it.

 

hĭapérêzgê jedjâⁿ´na mañkánañka kizaí* kârodoínañgᴇrê [α] ĭak’uⁿ´na† wagigócûnûñgí
hĭapérēzgē, žeją̄́ną mąkánąka kizaí kārotoinągᵉrē égi hĭak’ų́ną. Wagigóšūnų̄gí,
if I should have known, now the medicine in this war that they're about  to have now I would use it. If I had been a feast giver,

* a set of letters following kizaí has been scribbled out.
† an initial /h/ has been lost due to external sandhi.

 

jedjôⁿ´na woínaji haninañ´kcguninaⁿ haⁿdáginaⁿtc gadjérêgi waxopî´ni warádjirera wonaγírirûkônôna hijaⁿ´
žejǭ́ną woínaži haniną́kšguniną. Hątáginąc gajérēgi,* Waxopī́ni warájirera wonaǧírirūkōnōna hižą́
now a source of strength I would have. If I had fasted, Spirits [the various] ones in charge of war one

* Helmbrecht-Lehmann have this to say about the meaning of the suffix -gajérē: "would have; someone was going to do something but changed their mind; someone is about to do something but hasn’t gone through with it (yet)." Grammatical class: hypothetical counterfactual. "This enclitic means that the action or event of the clause is perceived by the speaker as a possibility that did not come true. Its meaning is very similar to the enclitic -’oire which is described as 'counterfactual'."

 

naⁿdjûñ´djañgi jedjôⁿ´ṇa kizaírekdjonárê [α] [ψ] t’ewiranîkdjanerá* yapérêzcguninaⁿ [α]
nąjų̄́jągi, žejǭ́ną kizaírekjonárē égi hąké t’ewiraīkjanerá, yapérēzšgųnįną. Égi
if he had blessed me, now in this war that they are about to have [then] [not] they would not kill me, I would know it. [Then]

* an incorrect form of this word was lined out just prior to this word.

        Notebook 74.1:8‡      
djanûñgáka hanaⁿ´tcîⁿ[6´] hikâ´roho-medjaínêgi* [α] dotcûñ´gᴇ[⨪]a nañji[ρ´] [X][-´] djopíwi ’uâ´natcgi
janų̄gáka haną́cį̄xjį́ hikā́roho-mejaínēgi, égi Tocų̄́gᵉnąka nąžiánąga wągᵉrá jopíwi ’ųā́nacgi
[as many as there were] [all of them] when they finished getting ready,† then the Warleader he stood up, and men four the appointees

* uncertain reading.
† at the bottom of the page, Radin writes in summary: "(If I had been blessed I would know whether I was going to die or not)".
‡ above the numeral "31." at the upper center of the page, is written:

"(Λ ...?... ) waikê´wê tconína worucî´k hañkcágijaⁿ rurô´naⁿ"*

* uncertain reading.  The whole line is inserted below .

 

waínekdjánega higûⁿ ’uaⁿdjirehírêgi wacgaⁿhíra haraírekdjônénaⁿ ’uaⁿdjirehírera
waínekjánega, higų̄ ’uąjire hírēgi, wašgąhíra haraírekjōnéną. ’Uąjire hírera
to give the war whoop, right after then [when they made themselves do it,]* to make a rush for they will go. [They made themselves do it,]*

* the translation has, "they gave the warwhoop".

 

hanaⁿ´tcî[6] nûⁿwañ´gire[/] djagú[ɜ] himaⁿcdja k‘i[⨪]kíji [λ] niháhire[२] tcinô´gᴇ[⨪]á rohañ´[6] wa’ŭañ´kê
haną́cīxjį nų̄wą́gireną. Jagúšaną himąšją kinąkíži, žesge niháhireže. Cinṓgᵉnąká rohą́xjį wa’ŭą́kē.
[all of them] started to run. Whatever they were encouraged by, [that] (imitated noise of) they made a cry. The village very many there were.

 

 

hanaⁿ´tc tcinô´gᴇnâñká t’ehírê hijaⁿ´ sarinîñ´k wahína[२]Λ* waikê´wê tconína worucî´k hañkcágijaⁿ rurô´naⁿ"† cigijaⁿ?‡ hinûⁿbrá
Haną́c cinṓgᵉną̄ká t’ehírē. Hižą́ sarinį̄́k wahínaže. "Waikḗwē conína worušī́k hąkšágižą rurṓną." Wąkšigižą hinų̄brá
All the village they killed. One war honor he received. ["I go in] [first] [wampum] [a strap] [I take." ?] [A man] second

* the Λ is a giant caret whose omitted text was entered above at the top of the page with a similar caret.
† uncertain reading.
‡ the first letter could be a /c/. The -ižą, which means, "a, one", has been written over a word that has been scribbled out. As the context implies, the word is wąkšigižą, it is apparent that the writer failed to put in the initial "[X]" used as shorthand for wąk.

 

waixê´we hinûⁿbra rucô´naⁿ [α] jigíjaⁿ waixê´wê hidâ´nina rucô´naⁿ [α] jigê´ hijaⁿ´ hidjobᴇrá
waixḗwe hinų̄bra rušṓną. Égi žigížą waixḗwē hitā́nina rušṓną. Égi žigḗ hižą́ hijobᵉrá
war honor second he received. [Then] [another one] [war honor] [the third one] he receives. [And] [again] [one] [the fourth one]

 

 

hêrénaⁿ [α] jigê´ hodá ’uañgehîniaⁿ rukô´zirénaⁿ [α] jigê´ hodá hakihaⁿ´ ’uañgonañ´giré[२]
hēréną. Égi žigḗ hotá ’uągehīnią rukṓziréną. Égi žigḗ hotá hakihą́ ’uągoną́giréže.
it was. [And] [again] [someone] a captured man (captive) they captured. [And] [again] [some] [in succession]* (an honor).†

* the translation has, it appears, "second war honors".
† the parentheses occur in the translation.

              Notebook 74.1:9†
[α] jigê´ ’uañ´ginîñk wahírenaⁿ jêê γagᴇ[⨪´][२] run´ziregê [ε] [α]
Égi žigḗ ’uą́ginį̄k wahíreną, žēē ǧagᵉną́kše, rúziregē. Ésge, égi
[And] [again] those that didn't get anything, [these] they were weeping, because they [took it from them.]* Therefore, [then]

* the translation has, "because they had no honors".
† the top center of the page reads " 32." Below this is written, "꜏ = hirê". Below this is written, "he’uⁿ = men telling of deaths".

 

tcinô´gᴇnôñka hanaⁿ´tc hirowáγîⁿtc hirénaⁿ daxó hirénaⁿ [α] hakaraírenaⁿ wanaⁿîⁿ´gipîⁿ[6] djasgê´
cinṓgᵉnǭka haną́c hirowáǧįc hiréną. Taxó hiréną. Égi hakaraíreną. Wanąį̄gipį̄xjį jasgḗ
village all to burn up they did. To burn it up they did. Then they went home. Very happy as

 

 

gip‘îⁿrananana [λ][6] hakaraírenaⁿ âcgĕagí[ᴗ] [β] hijaⁿ´ worakérêgigíre[२]
gipį̄rananana žesgexjį hakaraíreną.* Āšgĕagíregi, éja hižą́ worakérēgigíreže.
as happy as they could have wished for [that much] they went home. When they got near, [there] one they sent him on to tell the news.

* this word is spelled peculiarly as hakal̃aírenaⁿ . It is preceeded by hakalataírenan. . and followed by a word that is scribbled out and perhaps dee .

 

worakdjegá âcgê´ gi[γ] wa’ûⁿ[२] wa’îñkére[२] hagihaγê´pgi he’ŭañgiágiγê´p[२] [γ] tcinôgena hanaⁿ´tc
Worakjegá āšgḗ gigiži, wa’ų̄že. Wa’į̄kéreže. Hagihaǧḗpgi, he’ŭągiágiǧḗpše, giži. Cinōgᵉna haną́c
The messenger near when he gets, he did. He put on mourning. When he came in sight, a messenger telling, [.] Village [the whole]

* a word is lined out before this word.
† a line running down to the bottom of the page connects to a comment: "they generally told the bad news before they came to destination".

 

γagiré[/]* dj[ρ´] [X]cî´geratcêg[-´] hanaⁿ´tc wa’uaⁿraí[ᴗ] hanaⁿ´tc t’aíre[२] êgê´ wôrák karádjega [α] p‘ejê´
ǧagiréną. Jánąga wakšī́gᵉracēgᵉrá haną́c wa’uąraíregi haną́c t’aíreže, ēgḗ wōrák karájega. Égi pežḗ
they cried. [As many as] the young men all that had gone [all] they were dead, he said the messenger. [Then] who

 

 

sarinigwahí[-] etconî´[6] t’e[꜏][२] hagi é[/] [α] dj[ρ´] [X]onôg[-´] djasgê [ɜ]
sarinigwahíra econī́xjį t’ehireže, hagi éną. Égi jánąga wąkonōgᵉra, jasgē šaną
the first war honor (winner) he first they killed, [there]* he said. [Then] [as many as] all those men who had gone, how whichever

* the translation has "on/at".

 

hirakíruxê [X]onañ´gi[ᴗ´] jejeguⁿ t’ewa[꜏][२] hagi e[२´] [α] pejê´ga ênaⁿbózakdjênegiji
hirakíruxē wąkoną́girégi, žežegų t’ewahireže, hagi, ežé. Égi pežḗga ēnąbózakjēnegiži,
in that rotation [if he was a man who had gone,] [thus] they were killed, [there,]* he said. [And] whoever if he would place a stake (pole),

* the translation has "on".

    Notebook 74.1:10*          
nûⁿxáwaⁿ hogirátc[२] [ά][6] wakdjêwaíne[२] tcinôñgᴇ[⨪]á hanáⁿtcîⁿ[6] wogijáwa djidjê´re[२]
nų̄xáwą hogirácše. Égixjį wakjēwaíneže. Cinǭgᵉnąká haną́cį̄xjį wogížáwa jijḗreže.
in secret he would tell him. Just about then victory whoop they would give. Village all glad they became.

* at the top of the page is written "33". Well below that is written: "the leader generally had prize fixed before he went to war-path (wampum belts or beads)".

 

wacgaⁿhí[-] tci[⨪´]gakdjîⁿ nûⁿ´wañ´gire[२] ’uañgonañg[-´]† ’ûñxdjîⁿ´ṇe[२] dotcôⁿ´[⨪]á
Wašgąhíra ciną́gakjį̄ nų̄́wą́gireže. ’Uągonągᵉrᇠ’ų̄xjį̄neže. Tocǭ́nąká
The rush for the warriors* the whole village without exception they ran. The scalps‡‡ very much they did. The warriors

* "the rush for the" is put in brackets below "warriors".
† wa’ is written just before this word. 
‡ ’uągonągᵉrá is a variation of the now more standard wągonągᵉrá.
‡‡ the translation has, "struck the (...?...)" followed by two other illegible words, then "scalp".

 

’uañgᴇnaⁿ´su[-]* naⁿwirókaraícgair[ρ´] tci[⨪][-´]† hakiriawagîñ´x [꜏][२] hotcîⁿ´dja naⁿbóza[-] djegí
’uągᵉną́sura nąwirókaraíšgairánąga cinągᵉrá hakiriawagį̄x‡ hereže. Hocį̄ja nąbózara jegí
the scalps they were tied to sticks, and in the village they went around they did. Where the pole [it was placed]

* wa´ has been lined out just before this word.
† a similar expression occurring just before this word has been lined out.
‡ < hakiri-hawagįx, where hakiri means, "to come back"; and hawagįx means, "to circle about; one complete circuit, as an hour hand around the face of a clock."

 

[β] kiridjêre[२] [α] [β] waixê´wê hinûñgwatcábire[-´] wawokáragiwaxúgere[२´] hinûñ´gwatcábire[-´] hido’iⁿ´naⁿ
éja kirijēreže. Égi éja waixḗwē hinų̄gwacábirerá wawokáragiwaxúgerežé. Hinų̄́gwacábirerá hito’į́ną
[there] they stood. [And] [there] prize their sisters they put on to them. [Their sisters] very proud

 

 

rokô´no[6´]ṇe[२] haⁿbi[ᴗ´] wakdjê´wacir[ρ´] haⁿhé[ᴗ] hokixérê wacírerê haⁿp djobô´haⁿ
rokṓnoxdjį́reže. Hąbirégi, Wakjḗwaširánąga hąhéregi Hokixérē Wašírerē. Hąp jobṓhą
they were very much. In the daytime, they would dance the Victory Dance, and at night Hokixérē Dance. Days four

 

 

wakdjê´wacir[ρ´] [α] haⁿhê´ djobô´haⁿ hokixerê wacírerê.*
Wakjḗwaširánąga égi hąhḗ jobṓhą Hokixerē Wašírerē.
they danced the Victory Dance, and [then] [at night] four Hokixérē Dance.

* at the bottom of the page is written: "[Many questions are to be asked about this account when translated.]." Below this is written: "(This is the hokixére Dance (...?... Dance)."

Source:

Paul Radin, "The Victory Dance," Winnebago Notebooks (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, n.d.) Notebook 74.1:1-10. Published in English only in Paul Radin, The Winnebago Tribe (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990 [1923]) 110-112 (1990) = 158 - 160 (1923, Archive) = 158 - 160 (1923, Hathi).