Foster’s Vocabulary List
English - Hocąk


| Hocąk - English | Hocąk Syllabary, Transliteration, and Pronunciation |


This is a version of Dr. Thomas Foster's word list, of which only a fraction was published ("abandon" - "chafe").1


English

Hocąk

abandon a family tų́ne
abandon a house rukó
abandoned watųnéreną́
abandoning watų́neceną́
abandonment watų́ne
abash irošík
abashed irošíkhireną́
abashing irošíkhinąkšą́nąn
abdomen nexára
abortion (foetus slipped) wakek kikąš´
abortion (moon before time she brings forth) wira kení hináni wakékšųn
above wąkáeca
abrupt (hill is high) xéra hankšį
absent (not here is) ąká kináni
accident ikinú
accord hakíckus
accurate wokizók
accusation (he accuses him) hirarácįneną́
accustomed oų́mąkšą́ną
ache tek
ache, belly- nixaték
aches (my arm aches) áiįtekšą́ną
acorn hújera
across the river niakaíeca
across harúce
active wakó
adore ruxóp
adrift hoikára
adze wikikán
afar harí
afloat kihá
afoot (on the ground there moves) maíecíwá
afoot maiecáowé
afraid ną́kewa
after (a little back) hágeník
again žigé
aged man wąkenúnik
aged woman hitókenik
agent, Indian (the chief our father) hųk´hią́chírera
agent, Indian (the chief their father) hųk´hią́chiwíra
agitated, as earth mąnaïxką́ka
agitated, as water ninaïxką́k'a
ago, long síric
agreeable (pleasing-very) kipįníske
agriculture (land-tilling) mą́ožú
aground harazí
ague, fever sinihínukísera
aim (straight-make) irócą́ųn
air, sky, clouds mąxí
alarm (fright) naxíre
alert (adj) akikikéri
alike ikíske
alive - he is alive nią́mpeną́k
alive nią́mp
all over (the place) rakįcé
all anąc
almost or similar to black (brown) sepeníske
alone įnékí
I am alone
įnékiąnį
Thou art alone
įnékiranį́
He is alone
įnékinąnk'šą́na
We are alone
įnékianiwį́
Ye are alone
įnékirą́niwį́
They are alone
įnékinąnkšą́ną
alongside, by hicécéca
altar (prayer eating table) aramíhe warújera
alter icáhi
always kušíp
ambush wirápe
American (Big Knife) Mąxįxátera, Maíxátera
ammunition (that which we do with) wiųn´
ancestors, his š'ákwahíra
ancestors, my š'ákwahára
ancient (very old) s'íracaxcį́
angel (the Creator-his-men) wąkwanį́na
angel aženį́na (French loan wort)
anger naskí
angry - I am angry wokitaík
animals (game, that which we eat) waniújkera
ankle (foot-sinew, joint) siką́na
ankle bone (tarsus) siká hušarek
annoy awéhi
ant takąškéra
anus ųzį́ra
anyone ikuižą́
apart hį́cap
apex isawara
apparent cątį́
applause hąąąą! (long, trawn out through the nose) See "yes."
apple k'šéra
apportioned (to divide amongst) gįrucéwakiki
April Hoïrukénąną
arm bands (above the elbow) ahúckera
arm bone (humerus) haožep hušárek
arm pit áhoku ošorójera
arm ára
arm, lower (end of the arm) aiïsawára
arm, my arm aches áiįtekšą́ną
arm, my áänina
arm, to take by the (arrest) arukwás
arm, upper (root of the arm) ahúcera
armed, he is (sharp things in his possession) wapahíenį
arms (sharp things) wapahí
arms, to carry or raise up on the įruanare
around hirowakíx
arrest (to grasp or take by the arm) arukwás
arrived back (passed this way returning, or come-went) kirikári
arrived kiri
arrow seed (arrowhead) masúra
arrow mána
arrowhead (arrow seed) masúra
arrowhead mapára
ash tree axoxóke
ashamed, he is irošíkšąną
ashamed, I am irohíšikšą́ną
ashes rahác
ask watá
asking, he is watáceną́
asleep
aspen waškéra
assemble stokí
assist kicíre
astonished koré
astray, stolen manúni
August (gray month) wihócera
Aurora Borealis (man's play or play above) wą́kwoéskac
autumn, last cąnį́ną
autumn, next or coming cąnig
autumn, the present cąníte
avaricious (he is tight or close) wakses
awake (adj) ikixcį́, ikį́
awaken oneself ikixį́k
awaken someone ruxį́k
away kararé
awl wókera
axe (the iron that we do with) mązera, mą́zųre
babbler (mouth-blower) itáce, itaiéca
baby nįkscą́kenígera
bachelor wąkhocąna
back behind a man nakaíeca
back bone huhára
back of the body nakára
back of the house cietakaíeca
back there (behind) hákaieca
back, returned - came back again before reaching the point set out for hákscakį́ri
back, small of the pika'owiwi'sera
backbone huhára
backwards, to walk hakscámani
bacon (pork smoked) gukúšetaxí
bad (it is not good) ąkáepį́ną
bad, evil šišig
badger xokéra
bag
bait hówaruc
bake, roast rokį́
bald šára
baldheaded páshara
bands, arm (above the elbow) ahúckera
bands, wrist (bracelets) apára
banner, flag wiwašík
baptism nią́waxų́
bare, naked nanóka
barefoot siróka (< sira, "foot," and oka, "naked")
bark (wood skin) nąhára
bark cover (cache) nąháwaką́nak
bark to smoke (kinnikinnick) roxį́šuckéra
bark, to gather nąhárųháwa
barley (wheat-long-tailed) waiskápsincsaréc
barrel kókawąnąną
barter, exchange, swap ikirucą́
basin mą́zwaské
basket waxsapá
bass fish wirára
basswood ("linden") tree híške
bathe híra
battle kizá
bay, bend, hollow hoaïk'šék
beads (wampum) wǫrušíkera
beak (bird-nose-long) waníkpasáréjera
bean (little leg) huníkera
bear (v.) (bring forth child) wakekšų́
bear húnjera
bear, black hųncsépera
bear, female haksiáka
bear, grizzly mącó
bear, male (killed or tamed) hąką́ka
beard (hairy mouth) ihį́na, ihįšékera
beat (as the pulse) ną́ckeixą́na
beaten (trodden hard) anacás
beaver rápera
because (used as a conjunction when the first clause gives the effect and the second the reason for it) igų́kini
beckon wakihú
bed womį́nkera
bed, to get out of kikáwaną́ne
bed, to go to mį́ngre
bed, to make a womį́ž
bedstead (bed with wooden legs) womį́ǧuna
bee hezígera
beef céra
beeswax hezíkekį́nica
beet (red turnips) zizikešújera
before cą́nį
beg (to ask) wáta
beggar (one who habitually asks) watakéra
begin (new-make) cekų́
beginning cekųnaíeca
be gone! kararé!
behead (head cut off) paramą́wa
behead (head sawed off) parawajkís
behind (back there) hákaieca
bell, open mą́zcįwį́cįwį́
bell, round mą́zkorokora
belly ache nixaték
belly nixára
belong - field sowed by me, my field mąwažúrereną́
belong - there you belong ecaniné
belong - these fish belong to me honą́nkre niewanį́
belongs - it (animate) belongs to him or them eaninéreną́
belongs - it (animate) belongs to me nihára
belongs - it (inanimate) belongs to me anįnérená
below (adv), lower kuží
below (prep) kuhaíeca
bend, hollow, bay hoaïk'šék
benumbed hand (dead hand) náperaték
berry házera
bet warehí
between (severed in two at the middle) wocákenaíeca
bewitched waką́waxió
beyond (the other side) asącaíeca
beyond you kušík
Bible (the big book) wawagą́x xáte
Bible (the prayer book) aramíhe wawagáxera
big xáte
bind - he binds with a ribbon zeniparáairuskíc
bind ruskíc
birch bark cacą́wahára
birch cacą́wą
bird waník, waníkera
bird's nest waníkoma
bird-nose-long (beak) waníkpasáréjera
bitter ski
black bear hųncsépera
black flour cake (buckwheat bread) waiskápseptúc
black man (Negro), black spirit people waxopį́nįsepera
black sep
blacksmith mazų́na
bladder téxera
blanket waiį́na
blanket, black waiįsép
blanket, blue/green waiįcó
blanket, buffalo ceháwaiį́
blanket, red waišúc
blanket, white waiįská
blind in one eye (eye with a hole in it) hį́šcapóx
blind hǫšcaník
bloated owó
blood waį́ra
bloody (blood is all over) waį́ra rakįcé
blow - he blew his nose parakuruhį́k
blow down (wind blows down) maíïtácahí kiwą́k
blow on anything owehų́
blow on, or fan, oneself kitu
blow, as the wind maíïtaíecahí
blow, as with the mouth owehų́
blue/green (denotes spectrum from blue through green) co
bluff hehą́kši
blunt (not sharp) cucúx
board (flat, wide wood) napárás
boat wájera
boat, steam pécwajera
body irohíra
bog makihą́
boil over, to araxį́c
boil héra
bondage (slave, prisoner) wanįhí
bone the hair falls over (shoulder bone) hiréc hušárek
bone hušárek
bone, back huhára
bonnet (woman's hat) henų́k wokąnákera
book wawagáxera
book wawagą́x
boots (wooden moccasins, long legs) náwakucé husaríc
born - child is brought forth nikšą́kižcų́
born - it is born, she is delivered wakekšų́
borrow woną́c
both akiwake
bottle páxera
bottom of a kettle réxeca
bottom récera
bottom-up (turned over, upside down) akarašú
bow (head bent) pak'sí
bow (weapon) mącgúra
bow of boat (nose of boat) wacpára
bowels shípera
box kókera
boy hocį́cį́, hocįcį́kera, hocįcįníkera
boyish (conducts himself as a boy) hocįcį kį́ceną
bracelets (wrist bands) apára
branch of a tree nązazác
brand of fire pécuxíni
brass mązíra
brave, fierce wašóše
bread, buckwheat (black flour cake) waiskápseptúc
bread, corn meal wįcą́wazera rucópera
bread, wheat flat cakes waiskáp pareparécera
break (sever) a string wakinaná ruwáx
break a hole in - with a hammer, he struck the boat, a hole in mąžirocį́ hirocį́ wájerá kiháp
break a leg hurakišíš
break a piece off nikékicáp
break a plow márupurúra kišíš
break by cutting with a knife mąšíš
break by punching or shooting pošíš
break by striking irocį́gihux
break glass inohąmpkįhúx
break off rukónug
break rock įnikixcúx
break to pieces rušišíš
break with the mouth rašíš
break wood with the foot nąšíš
breakfast (early eating) kaniwarúc
breast mą́kera
breath wónihára
breathe - he breathes well pį́niháha
breathe - he breathes nihahaną́k
breathe niháha
breech cloth taní woruhį́c
brethren, cousins kįnúpera
brick (clay hardened) réhorotaksís
bridge (log to walk over or on) nąhámani
bridge, iron mąznąhámani
bridle (mouth string) iruskícera
bring - he brings it anikúheną́
bring - he brought or came with it anikíri
bring it to me aníkuré
broad (very wide) parastí
brother, elder brother kinúpera
brother, his elder (as called by siblings) citorá
brother, his younger (as called by siblings) hisųkrá
brother, his hinína
brother, my elder (as called by sisters only) citohára
brother, my younger (as called by siblings) hisų́khara
brother, my hinįhára
brother, your elder (as called by siblings) citoráka
brother, your younger (as called by siblings) hisųkráka
brother, your hinináka
brow, eye cexáhį́na
brow, forehead péra
brown (similar to or almost black) sepeníske
brown cíkisį́c
brush (sweeping brush) wikisínc
brushy (as a field, marsh, etc.) hątápšišík
bubble (water foam) nicak
buck caxátera
buckskin cahárušáwą
buckwheat bread (black flour cake) waiskápseptúc
buckwheat flour waiską́p sépera
buckwheat grain waiskap poroporác
bud (thick point wood) nąsáwaošókera
buffalo (earth-traveling cattle) cémąórájera
buffalo blanket, robe ceháwaiį́
buffalo skin cehára
buffalo céxcį́na
buffalo, cattle ce
build (house-make) cių́n
bull cešų́ckaiįrasá, cewą́kera
bullets, musket balls (round lead) hižų́kmąpóropóro, ižúkemą póropóra
bunch hocík
bundle warušį́
burn (consumed as food by eating) wacép
burn taxu´
burning, consumed by tacép
burst cox
bury in a hole or grave woxe
bury or cover in snow waáwuná
bury xe
but (in the middle or end of a word) aké
butter cewazní hikíni
butterfly miníkera
button mąkirohi
buy, trade ruwį́
by and by hirarexcį́ki, haraxcį́
by, alongside hicécéca
cabbage (big leaves) nąápxátera
cache (bark cover) nąháwaką́nak
cake tuc
calf cenį́ksi
calico waipárihoxúkera
call - he calls you nikikó
call - I call you (as in the sense of summoning to a council or feast) nikikoną́k
calm hatáki
candle stick iratážakaré okárera
candle iratážą kárera
cane, reeds xoharawa
capsize hakárašų́
cards, playing (from French pek, "spade") pekųna
care irakára
careful hitoį́
careless winíkité
carpenter nąhikišáera
carpet ciwomį́žera
carrion waniócketák
carry on the back, pack kįnare
carry on the head (place there on the head) nasuéca kaną́kre
carry aninare
carry, or raise up, on the arms įruanare
cat hicúkera
catfish howíx
Catholicism (cross-makers) aramíhe ųna
cattail (the flag) (lodge covers) wicíra
cattail flower (crooked hair) k'šohį́na
caterpillar (hairy worm) wakíri-hįšégera
cattle, buffalo ce
cattle, earth-traveling (buffalo) cémąórájera
cave, cavern mą́na orua
cedar, red wáxšujera
cellar (earth under) mąxuhaieca
cemetery wanaxíwomį́gera
census kíwagáxera
center kisákeca
certain (truth) iskéwe
certain - I am certain iskewáhe
certain - you are certain (you say true) iskewašé
chafe rusép
cheek bone hišcáhušarékera
chief, the, our father hųk´hią́chírera
chief, the, their father hųk´hią́chiwíra
child is brought forth (born) nikšą́kižcų́
child, bring forth (bear) wakekšų́
clavicle (collar bone) cašé hušárek
clouds, air, sky mąxí
collar bone (clavicle) cašé hušárek
come back again before reaching the point set out for hákscakį́ri
come-went (arrived back) kirikári
conducts himself as a boy (boyish) hocįcį kį́ceną
consumed as food by eating (burn) wacép
consumed by burning tacép
corn meal bread wįcą́wazera rucópera
cousins, brethren kįnúpera
cover, bark (cache) nąháwaką́nak
cranium, skull (man's head) wągšíkpá
Creator, the men of (angels) wąkwanį́na
crooked hair (cattail) k'šohį́na
crooked k'šo
cross aramíhe
cut off head (behead) paramą́wa
cutting with a knife, to break by mąšíš
dead hand (numb hand) náperaték
divide amongst (apportioned) gįrucéwakiki
do, to make ųn
the iron that we do with (axe)
mą́zure
that which we do with (ammunition)
wiųn´
doe (mother deer) cahų́na
early eating (breakfast) kaniwarúc
early kani
earth-traveling cattle (buffalo) cémąórájera
earthquake mąnaixką́ka
eat  
that which we eat (game animals)
waniújkera
eating (that which is eaten) waruc
elbow ašawákera
end of the arm (lower arm) aiïsawára
even, just kíske
evil, bad šišig
exchange, swap, barter ikirucą́
eye brow cexáhį́na
eye with a hole in it (blind in one eye) hį́šcapóx
fan, or blow on, oneself kitu
female bear haksiáka
femur (thigh bone) huožéphušą́rek
fibula (little bone) hušarék xono
field sowed by me, my field mąwažúrereną́
fierce, brave wašóše
finger bones (phalanges) nąmp hušarékera
fire brand pécuxíni
fish - these fish belong to me honą́nkre niewanį́
flag wiwašík
flag, he possesses or carries the wiwašíkąni ną́kšąną
foam, water (bubble) nicak
foetus slipped (miscarriage) wakek kikąš´
foot bones (metatarsus) síhušárek
foot sira
foot, to break wood with the nąšíš
foot-sinew, joint, ankle siką́na
forehead, brow péra
fright naxíre
game, animals (that which we eat) waniújkera
gather bark, to nąhárųháwa
glass, to break inohąmpkįhúx
good, it is not (bad) ąkáepį́ną
grasp or take by the arm (arrest) arukwás
gray month (August) wihócera
green/blue (denotes spectrum from blue through green) co
grizzly bear mącó
hair hįšégera
hair
hairy mouth (beard) ihį́na, ihįšékera
hairy worm (catterpillar) wakíri-hįšégera
hammer, with a mąžirocį
hand bones (metacarpus) nąmp hušarékera
hand, dead (numb hand) náperaték
hardened clay (brick) réhorotaksís
hat wokąnákera
hat, woman's (bonnet) henų́k wokąnákera
head bent (bow) pak'sí
head cut off paramą́wa
head sawed off parawajkís
head šikpa
head, carry on the nasuéca kaną́kre
head, man's (skull, cranium) wągšíkpá
heart vein is throbbing íxkaka
here is kináni
hill is high (abrupt) xéra hankšį
hip (ilium) rekakeri hušárek
hole kiháp
hollow, bend, bay hoaïk'šék
house-make (build) cių́n
humerus (arm bone) haožep hušárek
ilium (hip) rekakeri hušárek
inquire of, to wiwą́x
iron bridge mąznąhámani
iron that we do with (axe) mązera, mą́zųre
joint, ankle, foot-sinew siką́na
just even kíske
kettle, bottom of réxeca
kinnikinnick (bark to smoke) roxį́šuckéra
knee cap (patella ) huporo hušárek
knife, to break by cutting with a mąšíš
land-tilling mą́ožú
lead, round (musket balls, bullets) ižúkemą póropóra
leaves nąáp
leaves, big (cabbage) nąápxátera
leg bones huhúšarek
leg, little (bean) huníkera
leg, to break a hurakišíš
linden (basswood) tree híške
little xono
log to walk over or on (bridge) nąhámani
Long Knife (American) Mąxįxátera, Maíxátera
long saréc
lower, below kuží
make, to do ųn
male bear (killed or tamed) hąką́ka
man's head (skull, cranium) wągšíkpá
man's play (Aurora Borealis) wą́kwoéskac
meat, chunk of róra
metacarpus (hand bones) nąmp hušarékera
metatarus (foot bones) síhušárek
middle, severed in two at the (between) wocákenaíeca
miscarriage (foetus slipped) wakek kikąš´
miscarriage (moon before time she brings forth) wira kení hináni wakékšųn
moccasins wakucé
moon before time she brings forth (abortion, miscarriage) wira kení hináni wakékšųn
mother deer (doe) cahų́na
mouth string (bridle) iruskícera
mouth, hairy (beard) ihį́na, ihįšékera
mouth, to break with the racíš egižéškeną́
mouth-blower (babbler) itáce, itaiéca
moves, on the ground there (afoot) maíecíwá
musket balls, bullets (round lead) ižúkemą póropóra
naked oka
naked, bare nanóka
necklace (of beads) wanapína
new-make (begin) cekų́
nose - he blew his nose parakuruhį́k
nose of boat (bow) wacpára
nose pa
not ąká
oak, burr píksi
old, very s'íracaxcį́
other side (beyond) asącaíeca
pack, carry on the back kįnare
patella (knee cap) huporo hušárek
phalanges (finger bones) nąmp hušarékera
place there on the head (carry on the head) nasuéca kaną́kre
play, man's (Aurora Borealis) wą́kwoéskac
pleasing-very kipįníske
plow, to break a márupurúra kišíš
point wood, thick (bud) nąsáwaošókera
pork smoked (bacon) gukúšetaxí
prayer eating table (altar) aramíhe warújera
prisoner, slave (bondage) wanįhí
pulse, beat as the ną́ckeixą́na
punching, to break by pošíš
quaking waškéra
radius and ulna huizi hušárek
raise, up or carry, on the arms įruanare
red šuc
reeds, cane xoharawa
returned, back - came back again before reaching the point set out for hákscakį́ri
returning, passed this way (arrived back) kirikári
rib bones ruhíhušárek
ribbon he binds with zeniparáairuskíc
river, across the niakaíeca
roast, bake rokį́
robe, buffalo ceháwaiį́
rock, to break įnikixcúx
root of the arm (upper arm) ahúcera
round bell mą́zporopora
round lead (bullets, musket balls) ižúkemą póropóra
sacrum bone sinc hušarékera
same time, at the egižéškeną́
sawed off head (behead) parawajkís
scapula (shoulder blade) áporohušárek
seed, arrow (arrowhead) masúra
severed in two at the middle (between) wocákenaíeca
sharp things (weapons) wapahí
sharp things in his possession (armed) wapahíenį
sharp, not cucųx
shatter kįxúx
shooting, to break by pošíš
shoulder bone (bone the hair falls over) hiréc hušárek
similar to or almost black (brown) sepeníske
simultaneously ekižéškeną́
sinew of the foot; joint, ankle siką́na
skin hára
skin, buffalo cehára
skin, wood (bark) nąhára
skull (bone of the head) nasų́hušárek
skull, cranium (man's head) wągšíkpá
sky, air, clouds mąxí
slave, prisoner (bondage) wanįhí
small of the back pika'owiwi'sera
snow, to bury or cover in waáwuná
spirits waxopį́nį
steam boat pécwajera
sternum (breast bone) mą́khušárek
stingy, avaricious wakses
stolen, astray manúni
straight-make (aim) irócą́ųn
striking, break by irocį́gihux
string, break (sever) a wakinaná ruwáx
string, mouth (bridle) iruskícera
struck, he hirocį́
swap, exchange, barter ikirucą́
sweeping brush (brush) wikisínc
swollen - it is swollen ną́tis
tail sinc
take by the arm (arrest) arukwás
tarsus (ankle) siká hušarek
the prayer book (Bible) aramíhe wawagáxera
thick ošók
thick point wood (bud) nąsáwaošókera (see isawara)
thigh bone (femur) huožéphušą́rek
throbbing, heart vein is íxkaka
thumb bone šak hušárek
tibia (big bone) hušarék xáte
tilling, land mą́ožú
time, at the same egižéškeną́
top of a bushy tree nąxáhac
trade, buy ruwį́
tree, top of a bushy nąxáhac
trodden hard anacás
truth (certain) iskéwe
turned over, upside down (bottom-up) akarašú
turnips zizikera
turnips, red (beets) zizikešújera
ulna and radius huizi hušárek
upside down, turned over (bottom-up) akarašú
very wide (broad) parastí
walk backwards, to hakscámani
wampum wǫrušíkera
wampum, fine white wórusuksíkera
water foam (bubble) nicak
wax (bee) hezíkekį́nica
weapons (sharp things) wapahí
well! (at the beginning of a word) aké
well, he breathes well pį́niháha
wheat flat cakes, bread waiskáp pareparécera
wheat, long-tailed (barley) waiskápsincsaréc
white wampum, fine wórusuksíkera
white ska
whole, the pąną́k
wide para
wind pipe nihára
wind throws down maíïtácahí kiwą́k
wind, to blow as maíïtaíecahí
woman henų́k
woman's hat (bonnet) henų́k wokąnákera
wood skin (bark) nąhára
wood, flat wide (board) napárás
wood, thick point (bud) nąsáwaošókera
wood, to break with the foot nąšíš
worm wakíri
wrist bands (bracelets) apára
wrist bone (same as radius & ulna) hueze hušárek
wrist huïzíra
yes (see "applause")

Notes

1 Thomas Foster, Foster's Indian Record and Historical Data (Washington, D. C.: 1876-1877) vol. 1, #2: p. 4, coll. 3-4 ("abandon" - "beckon"); vol. 1, #3: p. 4, coll. 2-4 ("bed" - "chafe").


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