The following are Greek letters and other signa used as morpheme abbreviations in Radin's original text. The corrected MS of Winnebago III, #3: 103-107 can be used as a kind of Rosetta Stone for interpreting their values:
|
alpha
|
beta
|
gamma
|
backward epsilon
|
theta
|
lambda
|
rho
|
|
égi
|
édja
|
giji
|
-canâ
|
djánâga
|
jesge
|
ánâga
|
|
upsilon-dot
|
phi
|
psi
|
omega
|
X
|
|
-nîk
|
gadjâ,
|
hâké
|
jigé
|
wâk, wâg
|
|
[6]
|
[9]
|
·|
|
|
|
-
|
dot over bar
|
bar-over-dot
|
|
-xdjî
|
-jâ
|
-kdje
|
-nâ
|
-(e)ra
|
hire
|
-nâk
|
In the interlinear text where the translation is missing, it has been supplied whenever possible from the English text of the typed translation at Winnebago III, #3: 49-51. Where a missing translation has been supplied from other sources, it is enclosed in brackets, [ ].
|
First Row
|
"raw" text from Paul Radin, Notebook 77, p. 11-14, 19-21.
|
|
Second Row
|
revised text based on the revised MS text of Winnebago III, #3: 103-107.
|
|
Third Row
|
English translation based on the interlinear text of Winnebago III, #3: 49-51, and the published translation of The Winnebago Tribe (WT).
|
Style. Despite the brevity of this story, there are a number of unusual stylistic points.
|
The typical sentence terminators -je and -nâ are unusually uncommon. The use of -ra as a sentence terminators is far more common than usual.
|
|
The common use of Ánâga égi to begin a sentence is very rare elsewhere.
|
|
|
|
Hâhó-o-o-o
|
nanáñxgûdjécguni[2]**
|
nañghirág-waxopíni
|
kisge
|
|
Hâhó-o-o-o!
|
Nanâ´xgûdjecgúnije.
|
Nâghirág-waxopíni
|
kisge***
|
|
I greet you.
|
Surely you are listening.
|
Ghost-spirit
|
like
|
|
rakiridjégadjâ
|
[theta]
|
hokíkikarádj[-]
|
maîhágeregí
|
wanâdjodjaî´sge
|
|
rakiridjégadjâ.
|
Djánâga
|
hokíkikarádjera
|
mâihágeregí
|
wanâdjodjaî´sge
|
|
you have become.
|
[All]
|
your clansmen
|
[here on earth]
|
to be pitiable
|
|
wawárakaragic'û´nâ,
|
wowázip
|
warakáragira.
|
Warúdj[-]
|
pînígi
|
|
wawárakaragic'û´nâ,
|
wowázip
|
warakáragira.
|
Warúdjera
|
pînígi
|
|
you have made them,
|
lonely
|
they made them.
|
The food
|
well
|
|
'û[6]r[rho´]
|
hakaranimaninigir[rho´]
|
daníhura,
|
daníra,
|
|
'ûxdjîranâga
|
hakaránimanínigiránâga
|
daníhura,
|
daníra,
|
|
they did it, and
|
they made you take it along with you, and
|
the pipe,
|
the tobacco,
|
|
wirórag[-]
|
wiróragic'uñkcé[-]
|
wodá[-]**
|
tconíxdjina
|
|
wiróragera,
|
wiróragic'ûkcéra.
|
Wodára
|
tconixdjîra
|
|
the messenger,
|
[use them to send a message.]*
|
Request
|
the very first
|
|
worakíkaradj[-´]
|
wonághirera
|
maî´hágerégi
|
hi'û´nekdjéra.
|
[alpha]
|
|
worakíkaradjera
|
wonâghírera
|
mâihágeregi
|
hi'û´rekdjéra.
|
Égi
|
|
your clan
|
warfare
|
on the earth
|
they will use.
|
And
|
|
[X]cígo-'îna
|
djasgé[6]
|
horaícdjâcererá
|
maîhagerégi
|
hi'ûinánihekdjéga.
|
|
wâkcígo'î´na
|
djasgéxdjî
|
horaícdjâcerera
|
mâihágeregi
|
hi'ûiránihekdjéga.
|
|
life
|
how much
|
you have left behind
|
on the earth
|
they will use.
|
|
[alpha]
|
[omega]
|
wajâ´ra
|
[theta]
|
horaícdjâcererá
|
|
Égi
|
jigé
|
wajâ´ra
|
djánâga
|
horaícdjâcererá
|
|
And
|
again
|
the things
|
[as many as there are]
|
that you left behind
|
|
wajâ´waraga
|
maîhagerégi
|
hi'úînekdjé[-]
|
[rho]
|
[alpha]
|
|
wajâ´waraga
|
mâihágeregi
|
hi'úîrekdjéra.
|
Ánâga
|
égi
|
|
your relatives
|
[on the earth]
|
[they would use.]
|
And
|
then
|
|
warudj[-]
|
[theta]
|
caragâ´cererá,
|
jée
|
hagerarégi
|
|
warudjera
|
djánâga
|
caragâ´cererá,
|
jée
|
hageráregi
|
|
the food
|
all
|
you will miss from now on,
|
this
|
behind you
|
|
maî´hagerégi
|
wajâ´waragá
|
hi'uinánihekdjéra.
|
[rho]
|
[alpha]
|
|
mâihágeregi
|
wajâ´waraga
|
hi'uîránihekdjéra.
|
Ánâga
|
égi
|
|
on earth
|
your relatives
|
they they will forever use.
|
And
|
then
|
|
wodára
|
méjesgícekdjénâ
|
hirukónonañka
|
hiraráhi[gamma´]
|
wodára
|
|
wodára
|
méjesgícekdjénâ,
|
hirukónonâka
|
hiraráhigiji,
|
wodára
|
|
request
|
that you will say,
|
he who has charge of
|
when you reach him,
|
request
|
|
mé[lambda]
|
ádji
|
danihura
|
niñgihíñ[gamma]
|
waragé[·|]
|
|
mejesge
|
ádji
|
danihúra
|
nîgihî´giji,
|
waragékdje.
|
|
this
|
you must say
|
the pipe
|
if he smokes,
|
you'll speak to him.
|
|
[rho]
|
[alpha]
|
mâcínicerekdjanáre
|
[psi]agá
|
hakdjâ´beniâ´dje.
|
|
Ánâga
|
égi
|
mâcínicérekdjanáre
|
hâkagá
|
hakdjâbeniádje.
|
|
And
|
then
|
this walk you're going to take
|
never
|
do not look behind.
|
|
wajâ´nijâ
|
tcowerá
|
haniñgirutcé[gamma]
|
carakúnuñk
|
raicére[·|]
|
|
Wajâ´nijâ
|
tcowerá
|
hanî´girutcégiji,
|
carakúnûk
|
raicérekdje.
|
|
Anything
|
in front
|
if it passes by you,
|
you cut it in two
|
you'll go on.
|
|
[rho]
|
[alpha]
|
haciniraicgu[rho´]
|
[psi]
|
hakdjâ´beni
|
|
Ánâga
|
égi
|
hacíniraicguánâga
|
hâké
|
hakdjâ´beni,
|
|
And
|
then
|
you'll pick it up, and
|
not
|
to not look back,
|
|
hagerégi
|
hot'ûrádje
|
[rho]
|
[alpha]
|
je
|
|
hagerégi
|
hot'ûrádje.
|
Ánâga
|
égi
|
je
|
|
back
|
throw it.
|
And
|
then
|
this
|
|
raicéregiji.
|
[alpha]
|
[beta]
|
c'uâ´nahigádjâ
|
[beta]
|
|
raicéregiji.
|
Egi
|
édja
|
c'uâ´rahigádjâ
|
édja
|
|
[you are going to.]
|
And
|
there
|
as you go along
|
there
|
|
dje[·|][-]
|
[X]íjâ
|
[X]woíkikax'û.
|
[rho]
|
[alpha]
|
|
djekdjéra
|
wâgíjâ
|
wâgewoíkikax'û.
|
Ánâga
|
égi
|
|
he will be
|
a human
|
he'll have on a man's dress.
|
And
|
then
|
|
warage[·|]
|
tcoka
|
dánihu[-]
|
deére[-]
|
hirage[gamma]
|
|
waragékdje,
|
"Tcóka,
|
dánihura
|
deérera".
|
Hiragégiji,
|
|
you'll say,
|
"Grandfather,
|
the pipe
|
it is this".
|
When you say to him,
|
|
wainâ´beniñgikiñ[·|][-]
|
warage[·|][-]
|
tcokagá
|
we[|]
|
hatcañka
|
|
wa'inâ´benîgikî´kdjera.
|
Wáragekdjéra,
|
"Tcókaga
|
wénâ,
|
hatcâ´ka
|
|
he will thank you.
|
You will say to him,
|
"Grandfather
|
he said,
|
which
|
|
wáradé[·|][gamma]
|
hinigipañghíkdje
|
e[|´]
|
[gamma]
|
waníñge[·|][-]
|
|
wáragekdjégíji,*
|
hî´nigipâghíkdje
|
énâ,"
|
giji.
|
Wánîgekdjéra,
|
|
I will take,
|
that I should ask of you,
|
he said"
|
[.]
|
He will say to you,
|
|
deáñgirére[|]
|
hiniñge[·|][-]
|
[gamma]
|
eoracere[·|][-]
|
|
|
"Deâ´girérenâ,"
|
hinîgekdjéra
|
giji.
|
E
|
hóracerekdjéra,
|
|
"Here it is,"
|
he'll say to you
|
[.]
|
Then
|
you will go,
|
|
nañgotcagíghâkédjega
|
hoiratcg[beta´]djega
|
hocícig[-]
|
hirákeré[|]
|
hoicaroídjadjega
|
|
nâ´gotcagíghâkédjega.
|
Hoiratcgédjadjega
|
hocícigera
|
hirákerénâ;
|
hoicároidjadjega*
|
|
that cross road.
|
The one to the left
|
the bad one
|
it reaches;
|
to the right
|
|
eoracere[·|][-]
|
cere[gamma]
|
c'ûnahígadjâ
|
tcipóroke
|
|
|
e
|
hóracerekdjéra,
|
ceregíji.
|
C'ûrahigádjâ,
|
tcipóroke
|
|
that
|
you will travel,
|
when you go.
|
As you go along,
|
oval lodge
|
|
xedéjâ
|
hiraráhikdjéra
|
[alpha]
|
daníhu[-]
|
hinagigí[gamma]
|
|
xedéjâ
|
hiraráhikdjéra.
|
Égi
|
daníhura
|
hiragigígiji,
|
|
a large one
|
you will come.
|
And
|
the pipe
|
when you make her smoke,
|
|
hiniñgi'úñ[gamma]*
|
warage[·|´]
|
kuniká
|
hirage[·|´]
|
hidókenîgíjâ
|
|
hinîgi'û´giji,
|
waragékdje,
|
"Kúnika,"
|
hiragékdje
|
hidokénîgijâ
|
|
if you make her,
|
you will say to her,
|
"Grandmother,"
|
you'll say to her
|
an old woman
|
|
tcokagá
|
[tau]
|
djiré
|
nañgigikdje
|
e[|]
|
|
"tcokagá
|
jegû*
|
djiré
|
nâgigíkdje
|
énâ,"
|
|
"grandfather
|
[thus]
|
to pass by
|
you would let me
|
he said"
|
|
[gamma]
|
[tau]
|
[dot over bar][|]*
|
gi'û[·|][-]
|
[gamma]
|
|
giji.
|
Jégû
|
hirénâ
|
gi'ûkdjéra,
|
giji.
|
|
[.]
|
[Now]
|
[it is done],
|
she will do it
|
[.]
|
|
[tau]
|
cere[gamma]
|
hatcî´dja
|
wanaghí
|
tcinañge[-]
|
|
Jégû
|
ceregíji,
|
hatcîdja
|
wanâghí
|
tcinâ´gera
|
|
Then
|
you are going on
|
where
|
ghosts
|
the village
|
|
[bar over dot]ijí
|
[beta]
|
rahigí
|
wanâghi
|
wirukónánoñká
|
|
nâkgiji.
|
Edja
|
rahigí,
|
wanâghi
|
wirukónanâka
|
|
it is.
|
There
|
when you came,
|
ghost
|
the one who is in control of them
|
|
danihura
|
hiracáwaha[·|´]
|
Nigíhiñ[gamma´]
|
warage[·|´]
|
wodára
|
|
danihúra
|
hiracáwahakdje.
|
Nigihîgíji,
|
waragékdje
|
wodára
|
|
the pipe
|
you should hand it to him.
|
If he smokes it for you,
|
you will say
|
request
|
|
djagu
|
enicí[-]
|
[lambda]
|
hice[·|´]
|
|
|
djagú
|
e
|
nicéra
|
jésge
|
hicekdjé.*
|
|
what
|
him
|
I told you to say,
|
thus
|
you must speak.
|
|
wawákikaradj[-´]
|
[theta]
|
wajâwahá[-]
|
maîhag[beta´]
|
wanâdjodjaî´sge
|
|
"Wawákikaradjera,*
|
djánâga
|
wajâ´wahara
|
mâihagédja,
|
wanâdjodjaî´sge
|
|
"The clan I belong to,
|
all
|
my relatives
|
on earth,
|
pitiable
|
|
wawak'aragi'û´[|]
|
wowázip
|
wakaragí[-]
|
tcokagá
|
wodára
|
|
wáwakaragi'û´nâ.
|
Wowázip
|
wakaragíra.
|
Tcokagá
|
wodára
|
|
I made them.
|
Lonely
|
I made them.
|
Grandfather
|
request
|
|
dé[lambda]
|
hihekdjé
|
e[|]
|
tcokaga
|
wé[|]
|
|
dejésge
|
hihekdjé
|
énâ.
|
Tcokagá
|
wénâ,
|
|
these
|
I should make
|
he said.
|
Grandfather
|
he said,
|
|
wonághire[-]
|
woirukípina*
|
wapaíniñkdjî****
|
|
wonâ´ghirera
|
woirukípûna**
|
wapaínîkdjî
|
|
[the wars]
|
honors***
|
they'll bring heads
|
|
wañgerodjî´birekdje
|
[rho]
|
[alpha]
|
[omega]
|
[X]cígo'î´na
|
|
wâgirodjî´birekdje.*
|
Ánâga
|
égi
|
jigé
|
wâkcígo'îra
|
|
they will come just in front of him.**
|
And
|
then
|
again
|
life
|
|
djasgé[6]
|
waicdjâhúra
|
édja
|
maîhag[beta´]
|
wajâ´waha[-]
|
|
djasgéxdjî
|
waicdjâhúra
|
édja
|
mâihagédja,
|
wajâwahára
|
|
whatever
|
I left behind
|
there
|
on earth,
|
my relatives
|
|
hi'úinekdje
|
[alpha]
|
[X]cík
|
tciorogarégi
|
wajâníne[-]
|
|
hi'úîrekdje.
|
Egi
|
wâkcík
|
tciorogaregi
|
wajânínera
|
|
they will use.
|
And
|
human
|
[within this village]
|
what things they have
|
|
[theta]
|
waícdjâhu[-´]
|
maîhag[beta´]
|
hi'úinekdje
|
warudj[-´]
|
|
djanâga
|
waícdjâhúra
|
mâihagédja,
|
hi'úîrékdje.
|
Warúdjera
|
|
all
|
that I have left
|
on earth,
|
they will use.
|
Food
|
|
[theta]
|
dagâc´*
|
hugí
|
jee
|
wajâwahá[-]
|
|
djanâga
|
dagâc´
|
hugí,
|
jee
|
wajâwahára
|
|
all
|
I missed
|
[if it remains,]
|
this
|
my relatives
|
|
maîhag[beta´]
|
hi'úinekdje
|
wajókiwánina
|
hañkigaîrodjî´
|
[alpha]
|
|
mâihagédja
|
hi'úîrékdje,
|