Hotcâk Text -- Historical Origins of the Medicine Rite
narrated by Jasper BlowsnakeIn the interlinear text where the translation is missing, it has been supplied whenever possible from the English text of Winnebago Culture (see Source below). Where a missing translation has been supplied from other sources, it is enclosed in brackets, [ ].
In The Culture of the Winnebago: As Described by Themselves, Radin has used a dot (.) after the unvoiced terminal consonant of a stem to indicate its transformation into its voiced counterpart. Here that transformation has been directly expressed. I have not done this for such consonants preceeding a hyphen.
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First Row
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"raw" text from Paul Radin, Notebook Winnebago III, #4, 25-29
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Second Row
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analytic text from The Culture of the Winnebago: As Described by Themselves
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Third Row
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revised text
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Fourth Row
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English translation based on those of The Road of Life and Death and The Culture of the Winnebago: As Described by Themselves (WC)
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w‰g’j‰
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wajâîperezsé
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g’ji
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gip'”«je
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w‰g-h’j‰
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waj‰«
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hipŽresje
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giji
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gip”«je.
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W‰g’j‰
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waj‰«
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hipŽresce,
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giji
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gip”«je.
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A man
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something
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he received knowledge,*
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and
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he liked it.
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dee
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p'”g‡dj‰
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hirejŽ
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hijáîperezhági
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dŽe
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pig‡dj‰
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hireje.
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hij‰«
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hiperesh‡gi
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DŽe
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p”g‡dj‰,
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hireje.
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Hij‰«
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hiperesh‡gi
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[This]
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it is good,
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he thought.
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[One]
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to make him know
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p'”cgœnije
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hireg’ji
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egi
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w‰g’j™
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h—girak'cgœnije
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p”cgœnije
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hireg’ji.
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Žgi
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w‰g-h’j‰
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h—giracgœnije
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p”cgœnije,
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hireg’ji.
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ƒgi
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w‰g’j‰
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h—girakcgœnije
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it is good,
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he thought.
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[Then]
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a man
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he told him
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djaguíperesdega
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karoá djiregíji**
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han‰tc”xdj”
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karajŽnžg‡dj‰
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djagœ
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hiperesdŽga.*
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kar‡-adj“regi.
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han‰«tc”xdj”
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k‡rajenugˆdja.
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djagœ
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hiperesdŽga.
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Kar‡-adj“regi.
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Han‰«tc”xdj”
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kárajenugàdjâ.
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what
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he knew.
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He began his telling.
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[Everything]
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he got through telling him.
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egi
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w‰gen‰«ka
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djasgŽ
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gip'”«na
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hicgŽ
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Žgi
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w‰«gn‰ka
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djasgŽ
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gip”«n‰
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hicgŽ
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ƒgi
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w‰«gen‰ka
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djasgŽ
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gip”«n‰,
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hicgŽ
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[Then]
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that man
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what
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he liked,
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also
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jesga*
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djin‰«kce
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g’ji
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w‰khogir‡gen‰ka
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deh‰p
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jésgadjinâ´kje
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giji
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w‰k hogir‡gn‰ka
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de h‰p
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jŽsga
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djin‰«kce
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giji.
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W‰k hogir‡gen‰ka
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de h‰p
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that kind
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he got
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[.]
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Man he told it to
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[this] day
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hij‰
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dj‰«ne
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jedja”«xdj”p'‡
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waj”«perezsŽ
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egi
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hijâdjâ´re
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jedjâ´ixdjî pá
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wajâ-híperes.
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Žgi
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|
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hijâdjâ´ne
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jedj‰«ixdj”p‡
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waj”«peresce.
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ƒgi
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one
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[that]
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about that far ahead
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he obtained knowledge of something.
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[And]
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jige
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tcowŽdja
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h‰pnub—h‰
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jedja”«xdj”
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hip'‡
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jigŽ
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tcowŽdja
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h‰p nžb—h‰
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jedj‰«ixdj”
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hip‡
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jigŽ
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tcowŽdja
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h‰p nžb—h‰
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jedj‰«ixdj”
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hip‡
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[again]
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ahead
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days two
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that far
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[up to]
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waj”perezse
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egi
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jige
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tcowŽdja
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h‰pdjob—h‰
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waj‰« hipŽres.
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Žgi
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jige
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tcowŽdja
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h‰p djob—h‰
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waj”«peresce.
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ƒgi
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jige
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tcowŽdja
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h‰p djob—h‰
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[he knew something.]
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[Then]
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[again]
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ahead
|
days four
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jedja”«xdj”
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p'‡
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waj”«perezse
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n™ga
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Žgi
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jedj‰«ixdj”
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pa
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waj‰« hipŽresje.
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an‰ga
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Žgi
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jedj‰«ixdj”
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pa
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waj”«peresce,
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n‰ga
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Žgi
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that far
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[up to]
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[he knew something,]
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and
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[then]
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hah’
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tcowŽdja
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h‰p
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kerepona’j‰
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jedja”«xdj”
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hah’
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tcowŽdja
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h‰p
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kerepon‡-hij‰
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jedj‰«ixdj”
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hah’
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tcowŽdja
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h‰p
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kerepona’j‰
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jedj‰«ixdj”
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at a time
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ahead
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days
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[ten]*
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that far
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waj”«perezsŽ
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g’ji
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waj”«sge
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hiran‰«”neje
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hisgŽg‡dj‰
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waj‰« hipŽresje
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giji.
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waj‰« hisgŽ
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hiran‰«'”reje
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hisgeg‡dj‰.
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waj”«peresce,
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giji.
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Waj”«sge
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hiran‰«'”reje,
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hisgeg‡dj‰.
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[he knew something]
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[.]
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Something true
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they believed,
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really true.
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egi
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jigijîpéresge
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p'î´na*
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hiraíregi
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nžp
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Žgi
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jigŽ hij‰ hipŽresge
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pî´ra
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hiráiregi
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nžp
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ƒgi
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jigij”perŽsge
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pî´na
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hiraíregi
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nžp
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And
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again because one knew
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something good
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they believed**
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two
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hokik’cgž
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djidjŽwiga
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hij‰«
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wid‡nigi
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p'”«na
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hokik’cgž
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djidjŽwiga.
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hijâ´
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wid‡nigi
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pînâ
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hokik’cgž
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djidjŽwiga.
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Hij‰«
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wid‡nigi
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pînâ
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companionship
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it became.
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One
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the third
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it will be good
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a’reje
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giji
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w‰«gera
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hij‰«
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gitca”«necgœne
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a’reje
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giji,
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w‰gra
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hij‡
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gitc‡irecguni
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a’reje,
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giji.
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W‰gera
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hij‰«
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gitca’recguni,
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they said,
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[.]
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The men
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one of them
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they chose
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giji
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w‰gw‰kcik
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p'”xdj”«j‰
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w‰kwan‰«”
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p”xdj”«j‰
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giji.
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w‰k w‰kcik
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p”xdj”«-hij‰,
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wâk wanâ'i
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p”xdj”«-hij‰,
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giji.
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W‰gw‰kcik
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p”xdj”«-hij‰,
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w‰k wan‰'”
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p”xdj”«-hij‰,
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[.]
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Man Indian
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a very good one,
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[man mind]
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a very good one,
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wâk
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wánaîksapdjî´jâ
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wâk
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hokísak
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haixánîk
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wâk
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wanâiksáp-djî-hijâ,
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wâk
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hokíska
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haixánîk,
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wâk
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wánâiksapdjî´jâ
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wâk
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hokísak
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haixánîk
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man
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a very wise one,
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man
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middle aged
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a little beyond
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jedjaîxdjî´jâ
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jee
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pérezhíreje
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hijâ´
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wanaîksápdjî(gicanúna)*
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|
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jedjâ´ixdjî-hijâ
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jée
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péres-hirèje.
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hijâ´
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wanâiksàp
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djî´gicanùnâ,
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jedjâ´ixdjîjâ,
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jée
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péres-hirèje.
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Hijâ´
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wanâiksàp
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djî´gicanùnâ,
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[one thus far along,]
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[that one]
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they thought they knew.
|
One
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wise
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just as they had become,
|
|
jejesge
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wagiuíneje*
|
egi
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wâktcóni
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hiperezhíga
|
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jéjesge
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wagi'û´ireje.
|
égi
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wâk tcóni
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hípereshìga
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jéjesge
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wagi'û´ireje.
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Égi
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wâktcóni
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hípereshìga
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[that way]
|
they made them.
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[And]
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the first man
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he taught this
|
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djasgánihéga
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hicge
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jesgéji
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hâp
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tcowédja
|
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djásganihèga
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hicgé
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jesgéji
|
hâp
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tcowédja
|
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djásganihèga,
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hicgé
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jesgéji,
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hâp
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tcowédja
|
|
as he was,
|
indeed
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[that way he was,]
|
day
|
ahead
|
|
wajî
|
perezsé
|
egi
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hâp
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hinû´bahaî´dja
|
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wajâ´
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hipéresje.
|
égi
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hâp
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hinûbá-edja
|
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wajâ´
|
hipéresce.
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Égi
|
hâp
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hinû´bahaî´dja
|
|
[things]
|
[he knew.]
|
Then
|
day
|
on the second
|
|
jedjaîxdjî
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p'a
|
wajîperezsé
|
hâpdjobóhâ
|
tcowédja
|
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
|
pa
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wajâ´ hipéresje;
|
hâp djobóhâ
|
tcowédja
|
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
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pa
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wajîperescé.
|
Hâp djobóhâ
|
tcowédja
|
|
[thus far]
|
[up to]
|
he knew things.
|
Four days
|
ahead
|
|
wajîperezsé
|
gíp'îje
|
egi
|
tcowédja
|
hâp
|
|
wajâ´ hipéresje.
|
gipî´je
|
égi
|
tcowédja
|
hâp
|
|
wajîperescé.
|
Gipî´je.
|
Égi
|
tcowédja
|
hâp
|
|
he knew things.
|
He liked it.
|
Then
|
ahead
|
days
|
|
kereponaíjâ
|
jedjaî´xdjî
|
hip'á
|
wajîperezsé
|
égi
|
|
kereponá-hijâ
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
|
hipá
|
wajâ´ hipéresje.
|
égi
|
|
kereponaíjâ
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
|
hipá
|
wajîperescé.
|
Égi
|
|
[ten]*
|
that far
|
[up to]
|
he knew things.
|
Then
|
|
wâgera
|
dáni
|
hipérezwígi
|
p'î´je
|
hidánîke
|
|
wâ´gra
|
dáni
|
hiperezwígi
|
pî´je.
|
hidánîka*
|
|
wâ´gera
|
dáni
|
hiperezwígi
|
pî´je.
|
Hidánîke
|
|
the man
|
third
|
he received knowlege and
|
he liked it.
|
The three of them
|
|
gip'î´neje
|
wajîskéjâ*
|
héregádjâ
|
aíreje
|
egi
|
|
gipîréje,
|
wajâ´ hisgéhijâ
|
heregádja
|
áireje.
|
égi
|
|
gipînéje,
|
wajîsgéjâ
|
heregádjâ
|
aíreje.
|
Égi
|
|
they liked it,
|
something true
|
it was,
|
they said.
|
Then
|
|
jigijâ
|
pérezehîwígiji
|
p'înána
|
aíreje
|
gíji
|
|
jigé hijâ
|
hîpérezwigìji
|
pinónâ,
|
áireje
|
giji
|
|
"Jigijâ
|
pérezehîwigìji,
|
pînónâ,"
|
aíreje
|
giji.
|
|
"Another one
|
if we taught this,
|
it would be good,"
|
they said
|
[.]
|
|
hidánîke
|
jesgiraíregi
|
jigijâ´
|
hiperezhírecgúni
|
wâk
|
|
|
hidánîke
|
jésge hiráiregi.
|
jigé hijâ
|
hipéres
|
hirecgúni,
|
wâk
|
|
Hidánîke
|
jésgiraíregi.
|
Jigijâ´
|
hipéres
|
hirecgúni,
|
wâk
|
|
The three of them
|
thus they pondered.
|
Another one
|
to know
|
they made him,
|
man
|
|
p'î´jâ
|
wâk
|
wogizógi
|
wanaîk'sabijâ
|
hâkecgotcintcînigijâ
|
|
|
pî´-hijâ,
|
wâk
|
wogizógi*
|
wánâikabì-hija.
|
hâkécge
|
hotcîtcî´nîg-hìjâ
|
|
pî´-hijâ,
|
wâk
|
wogizógi
|
wánâikabìjâ.
|
Hâkécge
|
hotcîtcî´nîgìjâ
|
|
a good one,
|
man
|
righteous
|
a wise one.
|
[Not even]
|
a young person
|
|
wágiunaníje.
|
Wâgokísak
|
haixaíjâ
|
jee
|
hipérezhíreje
|
|
wagi'ûranije.
|
wâk hokísak
|
haixá-hijâ
|
jee
|
hiperezhíreje
|
|
wagi'ûnanije.
|
Wâk hokísak
|
haixaíjâ,
|
jee
|
hipérezíreje,
|
|
they did not take.
|
A middle aged man
|
one a little beyond it,
|
[that one]
|
they knew
|
|
gadjâ´
|
gip'î´je
|
wajâp'î´jânegádjâ
|
hiréje
|
|
|
gadjâ.
|
gipî´je
|
wajâ´
|
pî´-hijâ-regàdjâ
|
hirejé.
|
|
gadjâ.
|
Gipî´je.
|
Wajâ´
|
pî´jânegàdjâ
|
hirejé.
|
|
[.]
|
He like it.
|
Thing
|
a good one it was going to be
|
[he thought.]
|
|
egi
|
djaisgáraínihéra
|
jesgéji
|
jesgégiji
|
gip'î´je
|
|
égi
|
djáisgaranihèra*
|
jesgéji
|
jesgégiji
|
gipî´je.
|
|
Égi,
|
djáisgaranihèra
|
jesgéji,
|
jesgégiji,
|
gipî´je.
|
|
Then,
|
just as they had been
|
[that way he was,]
|
[being that way,]
|
he liked it.
|
|
tcowédja
|
hâbijâ
|
wajî´perezsé
|
tcowédja
|
hâbenubóhâ
|
|
tcowédja
|
hâb-híjâ
|
wajâ´ hipéresje;
|
tcowédja
|
hâp nûbóhâ
|
|
Tcowédja
|
hâbíjâ
|
wajî´perezcé;
|
tcowédja
|
hâbenûbóhâ
|
|
Ahead
|
one day
|
[he knew something;]
|
ahead
|
two days
|
|
wajî´perezsé
|
tcowédja
|
hâpdjobóhâ
|
wajî´perezsé
|
tcowédja
|
hâp
|
|
wajâ´ hipéresje.
|
-
|
-
|
-*
|
tcowédja
|
hâp
|
|
wajî´perezcé;
|
tcowédja
|
hâp djobóhâ
|
wajî´perezcé;
|
tcowédja
|
hâp
|
|
[he knew something;]
|
ahead
|
days four
|
[he knew something;]
|
ahead
|
days
|
|
kerepónaija
|
jedjaî´xdjî
|
wajîperezsé
|
giji
|
gip'î´je
|
|
kereponá-hijâ
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
|
wajâ´ hipéresje
|
giji.
|
gipî´je.
|
|
kereponaíjâ
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
|
wajî´perescé,
|
giji.
|
Gipî´je.
|
|
[ten]*
|
that far
|
[he knew something]
|
[.]
|
He liked it.
|
|
dée
|
p'îgádjâ
|
hirejé
|
wajîskéjanegádjâ
|
déjesge
|
hirejé
|
|
dee
|
pîgádjâ
|
hirejé
|
wajâ´ hisgé-hijâregàdjâ,
|
déjesge
|
hirejé.
|
|
Dée
|
pîgádjâ
|
hirejé;
|
wajîsgéjânegádjâ,
|
déjesge
|
hirejé.
|
|
This
|
good
|
he thought;
|
it was going to be a true thing
|
this
|
[he thought.]
|
|
jejegû´giji
|
wâ´gera
|
tcopíwi
|
hipérezwígi
|
p'î´je
|
|
jejégûgìji
|
wâgera
|
djopíwi
|
hipérezwigi.
|
pîje.
|
|
Jejégûgìji
|
wâgera
|
djopíwi
|
hipérezwigi.
|
Pîje.
|
|
Now
|
people
|
four
|
they knew it.
|
He liked it.
|
|
ásge
|
hisgé
|
hipérez
|
rogigúîneje
|
wâgera
|
|
ésge
|
hisgé
|
gipéres*
|
rogigû´-îreje
|
wâgra
|
|
Ésge
|
hisgé
|
hipéres
|
rogigû´îreje,
|
wâgera
|
|
Because
|
true
|
[to know]
|
they possessed,
|
the men
|
|
djóp
|
hipérezwíga
|
wâk
|
p'înarek'í
|
wâgwógizógerárek'í
|
|
djop
|
hiperezwíga,
|
-
|
-*
|
wâk wogizógrarèki,
|
|
djop
|
hiperezwíga,
|
wâk
|
pînarekí,
|
wâk wogizógerarèkí,
|
|
four
|
[as they knew],
|
man
|
who was all good,
|
man who was entirely righteous,
|
|
wâgwánaîk'sáp
|
rárek'i
|
hipérezk'î´reje*
|
gitcât'djaxdjî
|
hipérezk'î´nejé
|
|
|
wâk wanâiksáp,
|
raréki
|
hipéres kîréje.
|
gítcât'djàxdjî**
|
hipéres kîréje.
|
|
|
wâk wanâiksáp
|
raréki
|
hipéres kîréje.
|
Gítcât'djàxdjî,
|
hipéres kîréje.
|
|
|
man who was wise
|
completely
|
they made it known to each other.
|
Choosing by seeing,
|
they imparted knowledge.
|
|
|
jedjaî´xdjî
|
p'â´
|
mâkâ´ni
|
wocgâ´gere
|
epa
|
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
|
pa
|
mâkâ´ni
|
wocgâ´gre
|
epá
|
|
Jedjâ´ixdjî pa
|
Mâkâ´ni Wocgâ´gere
|
epá
|
||
|
[Up to thusfar]
|
this Medicine Rite
|
from that time on
|
||
|
diréje
|
jedjaî´xdjî
|
p'á
|
tcegédja
|
hijâ´
|
kétcâcgúni
|
|
diréje
|
jedjâ´ixdjî
|
pa.
|
tceg-édja
|
híjâkitcûcgùni,
|
|
|
diréje;
|
jedjâ´ixdjîpa.
|
Tcegédja
|
híjâkitcûcgùni,
|
||
|
it began to grow;
|
from that time forth.
|
In the beginning
|
there were only nine,
|
||